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ACCOUNTING CYCLE is the sequence of steps in preparing the financial statements for a given period. It refers to the fact that because financial reports are given each period (usually a year) there are a set of steps (cycle) taken each period that result in the reports and preparation for the next period or cycle. The term cycle is used because every period there is a start and an end. The cycle usually starts with the budget, goes through the journal entries, adjusting entries, posting to the accounts, financial reports, and closings.
PASS-THROUGH GRANTS as defined under GASB Statement 24 are grants "received by a recipient government to transfer to or spend on behalf of a secondary recipient" and should be recognized as revenues and expenditures/expenses in a governmental, proprietary or trust fund. The only exception to this requirement is if the recipient government serves only as a cash conduit (i.e., has no administrative or direct financial involvement in the program) in which case the grant should be reported in a GAAP agency fund.
ELIMINATION is the the act of removing a mathematical quantity by combining equations. This is common practice in accounting when consolidating financial reports; one example would be inter-company transactions, currency translations, and account balances.
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