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AGENCY is the relationship between a principal and an agent wherein the agent is authorized to represent the principal in certain transactions.
EXTENSION is a. In options, the expiration date. Occasionally the parties to an option contract will agree to extend the expiration to a certain date in the future; b. In taxes, the day that one must file one's return if one asked the tax agency for more time to do it. For example, in the United States the deadline to file tax returns is 15 April. If a taxpayer is unable to make this deadline, he/she may ask the IRS for an extension until 15 October. In this case, 15 October is the extension date; or, c. In an offer for bids on a contract, the date to which a deadline is lengthened. If there is either a lack of interest or no good bids on a contract, the company or government offering it may extend the deadline to allow other companies to decide whether to make a bid. This second deadline is the extension date.
PREPAYMENT RISK, in the area of mortgage-backed securities, which are backed by loans on property, is the possibility that home owners will payoff their mortgages early, returning the investor's principal earlier than expected. This typically occurs during a declining interest rate environment, when home owners can refinance at lower rates, leaving investors vulnerable to the risk of reinvestment at lower rates.
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