ASSURANCE ENGAGEMENT Definition

ASSURANCE ENGAGEMENT is an engagement in which an accountant issues a report
designed to enhance the degree of confidence of third parties and management about the outcome of an evaluation or measurement of financial statements (subject matter) against an applicable financial reporting framework (criteria).

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INVESTMENT EXPENSE is any cost of investment realized aside from the principal investment itself. For example:, in mutual funds, investment expesne is normally contained within five types of investment costs that must be measured to determine your total investment expense: a. Annual mutual fund expenses (i.e. the expense ratio) b. Front or back end sales loads; c. Portfolio turnover and trading costs for the fund (i.e. bid/ask spread, premium for large block trades, etc.) d. Brokerage commissions; and, e. Other (i.e., wrap account fees, annuity mortality & expense charges, etc.).

80 - 20 RULE (Pareto Principle/Law) is a general rule of thumb in business that says that 20% of the items produce 80% of the activity, while 20% of the product line produces 80% of the sales, 20 % of the customers generate 80% of the complaints, and so on. In evaluating any business situation, look for the small group which produces the major portion of the transactions you are concerned with. This rule is not exactly accurate, but it reflects a general truth, nothing is evenly distributed.

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