BASE CAPITAL includes (1) shares that (a) are non-cumulative, non-retractable, non-redeemable and, if convertible, are only convertible into common shares, and (b) have been issued and paid for; base capital also includes (2) contributed surplus, and (3) retained earnings.
MONEY MEASUREMENT PRINCIPLE see MONEY MEASUREMENT CONCEPT.
ABNORMAL RETURNS is the difference between the actual return and that is expected to result from market movements (normal return).
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