BILL OF LADING Definition

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BILL OF LADING is the contract between the owner of the goods and the cargo carrier to move the goods to a specified destination. A clean bill of lading is issued by the carrier verifying receipt of the merchandise in apparent good condition (without visually apparent damage or defect). Bills of lading can sometimes be made to cover the whole trip, or separate bills of lading can be prepared for each carrier. Ocean shipments generally require two, an Inland Bill of Lading covering land transportation to the port and an Ocean Bill of Lading covering the ship portion. Bills of lading are negotiable while cargo is in transit.

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PAYROLL VARIANCE is the difference between actual salaries and 'unloaded' labor expenditures. The largest contributing factor to payroll variance is usually employees not submitting project oriented timesheets, or supervisors failing to approve those submitted timesheets. The effect being wages being paid without direct assignment of labor charges to those areas or projects to which the labor hours were expended. Thereby causing a variance between recorded labor costs and actual payroll, e.g., project costs are not recorded, reimbursable costs are not billed, and program and project managers are unable to accurately monitor their budgets or do projections.

PLEDGED ASSET is an asset that is transferred to a lender as security for debt. The lender of the debt takes possession of the pledged asset, but does not have ownership unless default occurs.

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