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Tel: (612) 246-4616
BOND INSURANCE is insurance purchased by bond issuers to guarantee the timely payment of principal and interest, primarily for municipal bond issues. The Municipal Bond Investment Assurance Corp. (MBIA), Federal Guarantee Insurance Corp. (FGIC) and AMBAC Indemnity Corp. (AMBAC) are among the largest insurers. Insured bonds are rated AAA.
LONG-TERM DEBT TO EQUITY expresses the relationship between long-term capital contributions of creditors as related to that contributed by owners (investors). As opposed to DEBT TO EQUITY, Long-Term Debt to Equity expresses the degree of protection provided by the owners for the long-term creditors. A company with a high long-term debt to equity is considered to be highly leveraged. But, generally, companies are considered to carry comfortable amounts of debt at ratios of 0.35 to 0.50, or $0.35 to $0.50 of debt to every $1.00 of book value (shareholders equity). These could be considered to be well-managed companies with a low debt exposure. It is best to compare the ratio with industry averages. Formula: Total Long-Term Liabilities / Stockholders Equity
AGENCY COSTS is the incremental costs of having an Agent make decisions for a principal.
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