BOOK-TO-MARKET is the ratio of the firms book equity to market equity.
F.A.S. (FREE ALONG SIDE), e.g. 'F.A.S. New York', means that, for instance, if goods are shipped from the State of Nevada in the U.S. to Madrid, Spain, no charges for shipment are made to the importer until the goods are "free alongside the vessel" in New York. After this point, charges may be applied to the importer.
MERCHANT BANK is a specialized bank that offers investment services, corporate advice, trade and project finance, exchange rate dealing, etc to their clients worldwide. Sometimes also acts as an issuing bank for stocks and bonds, and can also advise companies involved in mergers.
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