BORROWING COSTS Definition

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BORROWING COSTS is the financial costs incurred by an enterprise in connection with the borrowing of funds, i.e. interest, amortization of discounts or premiums arising on the issue of debt securities, loan fees, gains and losses on foreign currency differences related to borrowed funds and regarded as an adjustment to interest costs.

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INCURRED BUT NOT REPORTED (IBNR), in insurance, losses occurring over a specified period that have not been reported to the insurer. IBNR losses are often calculated as a percentage of claims paid and claims outstanding and are reported in an insurers annual report. Reinsurers establish IBNR reserves as a part of their rating plans under a facultative reinsurance treaty, lest an overly optimistic view of treaty results lead to further under-rating on a book of business. Example: Product liability losses are seldom reported during a policy year. This "tail" of claims will upset any rating plan, unless an IBNR reserve is established and factored into the profit picture.

NOMINAL CAPITAL is total face value of authorized issuable capital.

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