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CASH MANAGEMENT is the management of the cash balances of a concern in such a manner as to maximize the availability of cash not invested in fixed assets or inventories and to avoid the risk of insolvency. According to Keynes there are three motives for holding cash: the transactions motive, the precautionary motive, and the speculative motive. The most useful technique of cash management is the cash budget.
HIGH-LOW METHOD of approximating cost behavior considers only two points of data, the highest and lowest, for activity within the relevant range. The method first focuses on cost changes, allowing an analyst to determine the presence of any variable cost. Next, fixed costs are determined by subtracting variable cost from the total cost at either of the two data points. The calculation is an algebraic procedure used to separate a semi-variable cost into the variable and fixed components. The method calls for using the extreme data points (highest and lowest x - y pairs) in the COST-VOLUME FORMULA y = a + bx; where a = fixed cost portion and b = the variable rate.
NONCOMPETITIVE BID, in securities, is a bid allowed to be placed on a noncompetitive basis by the U.S. Treasury at one of its securities auctions. A bidder in this case does not specify the price at which it wishes to purchase these securities. However, at the close of bidding, it is awarded all or part of the number of bonds it asked for at the average price of all the accepted competitive bids.
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