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CLEARING is the process of reporting a trade to ACT for comparison of the details of the transaction between brokers prior to final settlement; the final exchange of securities for cash on delivery. Clearing operations, such as the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC), facilitate the validation, delivery, and settlement of securities transactions. Trades are either reported by the broker to the clearing corporation directly or through a third party, usually another brokerage firm if a broker does not have a direct relationship with a clearing corporation.
ABOVE THE LINE, a. in accounting, denotes revenue and expense items that enter fully and directly into the calculation of periodic net income, in contrast to below the line items that affect capital accounts directly and net income only indirectly; and, b. for the individual, is a term derived from a solid bold line on Form 1040 and 1040A above the line for adjusted gross income. Items above the line prior to coming to adjusted gross income, for example, can include: IRA contributions, half of the self-employment tax, self-employed health insurance deduction, Keogh retirement plan and self-employed SEP deduction, penalty on early withdrawal of savings, and alimony paid. A taxpayer can take deductions above the line and still claim the standard deduction.
CONTROL PREMIUM is an amount (expressed in either dollar or percentage form) by which the pro rata value of a controlling interest exceeds the pro rata value of a non-controlling interest in a business enterprise, that reflects the power of control.
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