CONSUMPTION SMOOTHING is aimed at protecting consumption patterns from the impact of shocks, and can take effect either before or after their occurrence. Post-shock responses include modifying consumption, raising income by mobilizing labor or selling assets, drawing on informal or formal sources of savings, or activating claims on informal insurance mechanisms.
ACCOUNTING EQUATION is a mathematical expression used to describe the relationship between the assets, liabilities and owners equity of the business model. The basic accounting equation states that assets equal liabilities and owners equity, but can be modified by operations applied to both sides of the equation, e.g., assets minus liabilities equal owners equity.
CASH IN BANK literally means coin, currency, and cash items on deposit.
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