ETHICAL STANDARDS Definition

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ETHICAL STANDARDS, in accounting, is a written document containing basic principles and essential procedures together with related guidance in the form of explanatory and other material.

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LIVING ASSETS are employees. Also referred to as "live assets," "human capital," "resources" and "carbon units."

DUALITY CONCEPT is the foundation of the universally applicable double entry book keeping system. It stems from the fact that every transaction has a double (or dual) effect on the position of a business as recorded in the accounts. For example, when an asset is bought, another asset cash (or bank) is also and simultaneously decreased OR a liability such as creditors is also and simultaneously increased. Similarly, when a sale is made the asset of stock is reduced as goods leave the business and the asset of cash is increased (or the asset of debtors is increased) as cash comes into the business (or a promise to pay is made and accepted). Every financial transaction behaves in this dual way.

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