EXAMINATION, in an audit, is evaluating the preparation of prospective statements, support underlying assumptions, and presentation. The accountant reports whether, in his
or her opinion, the statements conform to AICPA guidelines and assumptions provide a reasonable basis for the responsible party's forecast. The accountant should be independent, proficient, plan the engagement, supervise assistants, and obtain sufficient evidence to provide a reasonable basis for the report.
SUBSTANTIVE is reality, real rather than apparent, as seen by an unbiased observer and not just the official view of management.
DAYS PAYABLE OUTSTANDING (DPO) is an estimate of the length of time the company takes to pay its vendors after receiving inventory. If the firm receives favorable terms from suppliers, it has the net effect of providing the firm with free financing. If terms are reduced and the company is forced to pay at the time of receipt of goods, it reduces financing by the trade and increases the firms working capital requirements. It is calculated: Days Payable Outstanding = 365 / Payables Turnover (Payables Turnover = Purchases / Payables).
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