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NET PROFIT MARGIN (NPM Pre-Tax) incorporates all of the expenses associated with ordinary business (excluding taxes) thus is a measure of the overall operating efficiency of the firm prior to any tax considerations which may mask performance. For a business to be viable in the long term profits must be generated; making the net profit margin ratio one of the key performance indicators for any business. It is important to analyze the ratio over time. A variation in the ratio from year-to-year may be due to abnormal conditions or expenses which need to be addressed. A decline in the ratio over time may indicate a margin squeeze suggesting that productivity improvements may need to be initiated. In some cases, the costs of such improvements may lead to a further drop in the ratio or even losses before increased profitability is achieved. Formula: Net Earnings / Net Revenue
GIFTS-IN-KIND are non-cash gifts of tangible or intangible property. Tangible property can fall into two distinct categories, and its value is derived from its physical existence: 1. objects, such as equipment, software, automobiles, printed materials, etc.; or, 2. services, such as providing photography services. Intangible personal property is property whose value stems from intangible elements, e.g. patents and copyrights.
INTANGIBLE ASSET is an asset that is not physical in nature. Examples are things like copyrights, patents, intellectual property, or goodwill. An intangible asset is the opposite of tangible asset.
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