PROFIT AFTER TAX (PAT) is the net profit earned by the company after deducting all expenses like interest, depreciation and tax. PAT can be fully retained by a company to be used in the business. Dividends, if declared, are paid to the share holders from this residue.
EXCHANGE RATE RISK, in foreign exchange, is the variability of a firm's value due to uncertain changes in the rate of exchange.
LIMITED LIABILITY is one that does not go beyond the owners investment in the business.
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