REFLATION Definition

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REFLATION is, upon recovering from a depression or a recession, the period during which prices are returned to the level they had attained during a period of prosperity by lowering the purchasing power of money is known as reflation.

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PLEDGE is a. the transfer or assignment of assets as collateral to secure payment of a debt obligation as when securities are pledged to a lender for a loan secured by the owner of the securities. When securities a pledged, the lender frequently requires the physical transfer of the collateral to preclude possibility of using the same asset for additional pledging; b. the deposit or placing of personal property as security for a debt or other obligation with a person called a pledgee. The pledgee has the implied power to sell the property if the debt is not paid. If the debt is paid, the right to possession returns to the pledgor; or, c. a written or oral agreement to contribute cash or other assets.

AUDIT is the inspection of the accounting records and procedures of a business, government unit, or other reporting entity by a trained accountant for the purpose of verifying the accuracy and completeness of the records. It could be conducted by a member of the organization (internal audit) or by an outsider (independent audit). A CPA audit determines the overall validity of financial statements. A tax audit (IRS in the U.S.) determines whether the appropriate tax was paid. An internal audit generally determines whether the company's procedures are followed and whether embezzlement or other illegal activity occurred.

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