SCIENTER THEORY Definition

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SCIENTER THEORY is based on the word scienter, which is Latin for "having knowledge." In criminal law, the theory refers to knowledge by a defendant that his/her acts were illegal or his/her statements were lies and thus fraudulent. In securities, it is to knowingly transact a fraudulent securities deal.

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FINANCIAL LEVERAGE is the use of debt to increase the expected return on equity. Financial leverage is measured by the ratio of debt to debt plus equity.

DISCRETIONARY FIXED COST normally has a budgetary life of under one year, i.e. the cost arises from annual budgetary decisions by management in specific fixed cost areas, e.g. R&D or Marketing.

 

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