STANDARD COSTING is a control method involving the preparation of detailed cost and sales budgets. Such budgets are then compared with the actual results for a specific account period and any significant variances between the actual and the budgeted results are investigated. Unexpected trends are corrected if they are not acceptable or they cannot be accommodated.
ENDING INVENTORY is inventory at the end of the accounting period.
ADJUSTMENT can be either: 1. an increase or decrease to an account resulting from ADJUSTING ENTRIES; or, 2. changing an account balance due to some event, e.g., adjustment of an account due to the return of merchandise for credit.
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