VALUE is a term that defines the worth of a thing. The term is usually preceded by the word, or words such as Fair" or "Fair Market", and it is usually defined in the document where it is found. Not all value for an item is the same, i.e. value is usually perceived.
PAPER GAIN (LOSS) is an unrealized capital gain (loss) in an investment or portfolio.
HEDGING is strategy focused upon reducing exposure to risk of loss resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates, commodity prices, interest rates etc. Hedging in securities is taking two positions that will offset each other if prices change, thereby limiting financial risk.
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