BOTTOM-UP APPROACH TO INVESTING Definition

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BOTTOM-UP APPROACH TO INVESTING is an investment approach that first seeks individual companies with attrac­tive investment potential, then proceeds to a considera­tion of the larger economic and industry trends affecting those companies. See TOP-DOWN APPROACH TO INVESTING.

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CAPITALIZATION FACTOR is any multiple or divisor used to convert anticipated benefits into value.

DISCOUNT RATE, generally, it is a rate of return (cost of capital) used to convert a monetary sum, payable or receivable in the future, into present value.  In finance, it is the interest rate that the Federal Reserve of the U.S. Government charges a U.S. bank to borrow funds when a bank is temporarily short of funds. Collateral is necessary to borrow, and such borrowing is quite limited because the Fed views it as a privilege to be used to meet short-term liquidity needs, and not a device to increase earnings.

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